Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40369605›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2025

Evolution and interaction mechanisms of China's high-performing national healthcare system.

Chong Feng, Feiyang Chen, Ziwei Ye, Fenling Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chong FengSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen, China. 575725423@qq.com.
Feiyang ChenSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen, China.
Ziwei YeSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen, China.
Fenling ZhangSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Xiamen University of Technology, Fujian Xiamen, China.

Funding

Fujian University Mathematical Discipline Union Foundation 2023SXLMQN04High-level Talent Science and Technology Program of Xiamen University of Technology YKJ23003RNatural Science Foundation of Xiamen Municipality 3502Z202372050Social Science Foundation of Fujian, China FJ2024C115
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aims to identify the dimensions and evolutionary pathways of China's high-performing national healthcare system, as well as the interaction mechanisms between the digital and traditional healthcare dimensions.

methodsThis study first constructs a high-performing healthcare evaluation index comprising four dimensions: digital healthcare, healthcare resource allocation, healthcare output, and healthcare effectiveness. It next presents a multilevel structural dynamic factor model to examine the evolutionary pathway of China's national healthcare system. It then analyses the interaction mechanism of each healthcare dimension based on the impulse response function.

resultsFirst, the upward trend in the overall performance of China's high-performing national healthcare system demonstrates that it is significantly improving. Second, the overall performance of China's high-performing national healthcare system has been most impacted by healthcare effectiveness and least impacted by healthcare output. The performance is trending upward for digital healthcare and healthcare resource allocation but downward for healthcare output and effectiveness. Third, increasing healthcare resource allocation and output promotes digital healthcare. The improvement in digital healthcare performance significantly and positively impacts healthcare effectiveness, while having weaker effects on healthcare resource allocation and healthcare output.

conclusionsThe performance of China's high-performing national healthcare system is improving. However, healthcare resource allocation and health outcomes require further optimisation, and the integration capacity of traditional healthcare with digital healthcare must be strengthened.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareQuality of Health CareChinaHumansResource AllocationEvolutionHigh-performing healthcareIndicator systemInteraction mechanismMultilevel structural dynamic factor model

Identifiers

PMID40369605
PMCPMC12080026

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.