Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40369500›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2025

Expert evaluation of mobile health apps for breast cancer management: a feature-based analysis using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).

Ghazaleh Mohammadi Mogharab, Reza Khajouei, Narges Norouzkhani, Zahra Esmaeili, Fatemeh Zahra Bagheri, Mohammad Reza Mazaheri Habibi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ghazaleh Mohammadi MogharabDepartment of Health Information Technology, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Reza KhajoueiFakher Mechatronic Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Narges NorouzkhaniDepartment of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zahra EsmaeiliDepartment of Health Information Technology, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Fatemeh Zahra BagheriDepartment of Health Information Technology, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Mazaheri HabibiDepartment of Health Information Technology, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. MazaheriM@varastegan.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreast cancer remains a major global health issue, with millions of cases diagnosed annually and limited diagnostic and treatment options, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of breast cancer mobile health (m-health) applications using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) to guide healthcare stakeholders and patients identify high-quality mobile health applications that meet their needs.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Mashhad, Iran, from February to July 2023, targeting breast cancer apps. Relevant apps were identified through comprehensive searches in databases and app stores based on predefined inclusion criteria. Four health information technology experts independently assessed the apps using MARS and the Feature-based Application Rating Method (FARM), with discrepancies resolved through discussion to ensure reliability. Data analysis included calculating mean scores, testing for data normality, and examining correlations between MARS and FARM dimensions using Spearman's correlation.

resultsOf the 453 identified apps, 44 met the inclusion criteria. The average MARS and FARM score was 3.3 out of 5, indicating moderate quality. The functionality dimension scored highest at 4.1, reflecting strong technical performance; however, deficiencies in informational quality negatively impacted user trust and satisfaction. A strong correlation (r = 0.806) was observed between engagement and other quality dimensions, indicating variability in user engagement across apps.

conclusionsWhile many breast cancer apps demonstrated high technical functionality, significant informational gaps reduced user trust and satisfaction. This study underscores the need for regulatory standards to ensure reliable content in breast cancer apps. Future app development should prioritize user engagement and informational quality to better meet patient needs.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsMobile ApplicationsTelemedicineCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIranBreast neoplasmsHealth information technologyMobile applicationsPatient satisfactionTelemedicineUsability testing

Identifiers

PMID40369500
PMCPMC12076952

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.