ArticleScientific reports2025
Genetic diversity of A(H5N1) avian influenza viruses isolated from birds and seals in Russia in 2023.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Genotype A3 influenza A(H5N1) isolated from fur seals shows high virulence in mammals, but not airborne transmission.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic Diversity of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated in Hokkaido, Japan, During Winter 2024-2025.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Evolutionary and Structural Analysis of the H5N1 Clade 2.4.3.4b Influenza a Virus Based on the Sequences and Data Mining of the Hemagglutinin, Nucleoprotein and Neuraminidase Genes Across Multiple Hosts.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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14 authors.
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Abstract
Thousands of outbreaks of the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in birds and an increasing number of mammal infections are registered annually. In 2023, multiple avian influenza outbreaks were registered among wild birds, poultry and seals in Russia. The genetic characterization of seventy-seven avian viruses and three viruses from seals showed that they belonged to the 2.3.4.4b clade and represented four distinct reassortant genotypes. The majority of viruses represented genotype BB, which was widespread in Europe in 2023. Viruses from seals and four viruses from birds, isolated from outbreaks in the Far East region, belonged to the G1 (A3) genotype and had the amino acid substitution N319K in the NP protein, previously associated with an increased virulence for mammals. In addition, one virus of the G10 genotype and two viruses, representing a previously undescribed genotype (designated as Ru-23-G4) were identified. The viruses analyzed showed normal inhibition by neuraminidase inhibitors. Seven viruses had genetic markers of amantadine resistance. All the influenza A(H5N1) viruses studied showed a binding preference for α2-3-linked sialic acids, suggesting a low risk of transmission among humans. Nevertheless, monitoring of reassortment and mammalian adaptation mutations is essential for the timely identification of viruses with increased pandemic potential.
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