Topological transitions, pinning and ratchets for driven magnetic hopfions in nanostructures.

J C Bellizotti Souza, C J O Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, A Saxena, N P Vizarim, P A Venegas

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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6 authors.

J C Bellizotti SouzaPOSMAT-Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, 17033-360, Brazil. jc.souza@unesp.br.

C J O ReichhardtTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

C ReichhardtTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

A SaxenaTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

N P Vizarim"Gleb Wataghin" Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil.

P A VenegasDepartment of Physics, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, 17033-360, Brazil.

Funding

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2023/17545-1Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2024/02941-1Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2024/13248-5U.S. Department of Energy 892333218NCA000001

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Using atomistic simulations, we examine the dynamics of three-dimensional magnetic hopfions interacting with an array of line defects or posts as a function of defect spacing, defect strength, and current. We find a pinned phase, a sliding phase where a hopfion can move through the posts or hurdles by distorting, and a regime where the hopfion becomes compressed and transforms into a toron that is half the size of the hopfion and moves at a lower velocity. The toron states occur when the defects are strong; however, in the toron regime, it is possible to stabilize sliding hopfions by increasing the applied current. Hopfions move without a Hall angle, while the toron moves with a finite Hall angle. We also show that when a hopfion interacts with an asymmetric array of planar defects, a ratchet effect consisting of a net dc motion can be realized under purely ac driving.

Indexed as

HopfionsRatchetStability

Identifiers

PMID40368992

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-01349-9

PMCPMC12078476

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