Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40365609›Full record

ArticleJournal of public health in Africa2025

Exploring determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Tanzania: A socio-ecological perspective.

Ambrose T Kessy, Chima E Onuekwe, William M Mwengee, Grace E Saguti, Tumaini Haonga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of public health in Africa, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ambrose T KessyDirectorate of Research, Publications and Consultancy, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-6845
Chima E OnuekweCentre for Health and Allied Legal and Demographical Development, Research and Training (CHALADDRAT), Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-553X
William M MwengeeDepartment of Immunisation, Emergency Preparedness and Response, World Health Organization, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7849-5985
Grace E SagutiDepartment of Emergency Preparedness and Response, World Health Organization, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-4419
Tumaini HaongaHealth Promotion Unit, Ministry of Health, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3516-5430

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to challenge global public health, with vaccination playing a key role in mitigating transmission. Despite recognising its importance, Tanzania exhibits considerable regional disparities in vaccine uptake. Understanding the determinants influencing vaccination is essential. Aim: This study investigated determinants of COVID-19 vaccination rates within Tanzania, employing a socio-ecological framework to comprehensively examine individual, interpersonal, community, and institutional influences. Setting: Eight regions across Tanzania, purposively selected to represent urban, peri-urban, and rural contexts, reflecting varying socio-cultural and infrastructural conditions. Methods: A concurrent mixed-method design was utilised, combining quantitative surveys from 3098 participants with qualitative data collected through focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Results: Although general awareness of COVID-19 was notably high (99.3%), overall vaccine acceptance remained low (37.2%), exhibiting significant regional variations (22.5% in Morogoro to 50.0% in Mtwara). Individual factors such as personal vaccine beliefs, perceived safety, and misinformation significantly impacted uptake. Interpersonal influences from family, friends, and community leaders critically shaped vaccination decisions. Despite high acknowledgment of community leaders' roles (88.3%), governmental campaign awareness was minimal (22.4%). Institutional factors, notably healthcare system trust and vaccine accessibility, also significantly influenced uptake. Conclusion: Findings advocate for region-specific, multilevel interventions addressing misinformation, engaging trusted community influencers, improving transparency, and enhancing healthcare service delivery to mitigate disparities and enhance vaccine acceptance. Contribution: The study offers insights foundational for tailored public health strategies, improving vaccine accessibility and resilience against future pandemics in Tanzania and comparable socio-ecological contexts.

Indexed as

COVID-19mixed-method studysocio-ecological determinantsTanzaniavaccine uptake

Identifiers

PMID40365609
PMCPMC12067557

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.