Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40365484›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of microbiology2025

Assessing the Levels and Types of Bacterial Contamination in Cosmetic Brushes: Implications for Beauty and Hygiene in Jeddah City.

Roba M S Attar, Mohammed A Imam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Phytochemical Profile and Bioactive Potential ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Roba M S AttarDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Jeddah, College of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-0553
Mohammed A ImamDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah College of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4661-0149

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cosmetic tools, such as brushes and sponges, are integral to beauty routines but are often neglected in terms of hygiene, posing risks of bacterial contamination and related skin issues. This study investigates bacterial contamination in 57 cosmetic brushes collected from users in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Bacterial isolates were characterized morphologically and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results revealed a diverse microbial profile, with Gram-positive bacteria predominating (81%), including

Indexed as

bacterial contaminationcosmeticshygieneskin problems

Identifiers

PMID40365484
PMCPMC12074853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.