Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40365138›Full record

ArticleJournal of mechanisms and robotics2025

The Variable Stiffness Treadmill 2: Development and Validation of a Unique Tool to Investigate Locomotion on Compliant Terrains.

Vaughn Chambers, Bradley Hobbs, William Gaither, Zachary Thé, Anthony Zhou, Chrysostomos Karakasis, Panagiotis Artemiadis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of mechanisms and robotics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Gait Adaptation to Asymmetric Foot-Ground Compliance Applied by Robotic Footwear.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Design and Characterization of the AdjuSST: An Adjustable Surface Stiffness Treadmill.IEEE/ASME transactions on mechatronics : a joint publication of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Vaughn ChambersDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Bradley HobbsDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
William GaitherDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Zachary ThéDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Anthony ZhouDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Chrysostomos KarakasisDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Panagiotis ArtemiadisHuman-Oriented Robotics and Control Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.

Funding

SCH: Model-informed patient-specific rehabilitation using robotics and neuromuscular modelingR01HD111071 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI ARTEMIADIS, PANAGIOTIS · 2022 to 2025
$1.2M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD111071
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding legged locomotion in various environments is valuable for many fields, including robotics, biomechanics, rehabilitation, and motor control. Specifically, investigating legged locomotion in compliant terrains has recently been gaining interest for the robust control of legged robots over natural environments. At the same time, the importance of ground compliance has also been highlighted in poststroke gait rehabilitation. Currently, there are not many ways to investigate walking surfaces of varying stiffness. This article introduces the variable stiffness treadmill (VST) 2, an improvement of the first version of the VST, which was the first treadmill able to vary belt stiffness. In contrast to the VST 1, the device presented in this paper (VST 2) can reduce the stiffness of both belts independently, by generating vertical deflection instead of angular, while increasing the walking surface area from 0.20 m

Indexed as

biped locomotiongaitmechanisms and robotsrehabilitationvariable stiffness

Identifiers

PMID40365138
PMCPMC12074642

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.