Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40364184›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025

Biologic Therapies for Severe Asthma: Current Insights and Future Directions.

Nuno Faria, Maria Inês Costa, Ana Luísa Fernandes, António Fernandes, Beatriz Fernandes, Daniela Cunha Machado, Francisco Machado, Laura Simão, Liliana Ribeiro, Lurdes Ferreira and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Consistent adherence to biologic therapies is critical for improving outcomes in asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Structural and cellular mechanisms of mucus plugging in the larger airways.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. NLRP3 inflammasome expression in pediatric asthma: sputum-based insights, inflammatory mechanisms, and targeted therapeutic strategies.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Biomarkers for selecting biologic therapies in asthma.Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Nuno FariaPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-7392-8665
Maria Inês CostaPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0002-7706-9033
Ana Luísa FernandesPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal.
António FernandesPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Alto Ave, 4835-044 Guimarães, Portugal.
Beatriz FernandesPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal.
Daniela Cunha MachadoPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Gaia e Espinho, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Francisco MachadoPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-6707-6355
Laura SimãoPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde do Tâmega e Sousa, 4560-136 Penafiel, Portugal.
Liliana RibeiroPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5400-279 Vila Real, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0000-0989-5451
Lurdes FerreiraPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal.
Rita BoaventuraPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Ricardo LimaPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Gaia e Espinho, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9847-3890
Jorge FerreiraPulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Entre Douro e Vouga, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Severe asthma is a subset of difficult-to-treat asthma that requires the verification of inhaler technique, the correction of modifiable risk factors, as well as diagnosis and comorbidity review. When severe asthma is suspected, patients should undergo proper phenotyping (T2-high or T2-low) and be referred to a specialized severe asthma clinic. The current biologics for severe asthma treatment include omalizumab (anti-IgE), mepolizumab and reslizumab (anti-IL-5), benralizumab (anti-IL-5 receptor), dupilumab (anti-IL-4/IL-13), and tezepelumab (anti-TSLP). The outcomes to evaluate are the reduction in systemic corticosteroid use, the reduction in exacerbations and healthcare use, and improvement in symptoms and lung function. Comorbidities should be carefully considered, and if possible, addressed with the same biologic. Dupilumab, mepolizumab, and omalizumab are also approved for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), the most common asthma comorbidity. There are currently several clinical trials on biologics for severe asthma. Depemokimab is an ultra-long-acting anti-IL-5 antibody with promising results in phase III trials as a twice-yearly biologic for T2-high asthma. Verekitug follows a similar dosing concept, targeting TSLP, but is still undergoing phase II trials. Itepekimab and astegolimab are two anti-IL-33 antibodies that could have a role in the future treatment of severe asthma. Tezepelumab is in a phase III clinical trial for CRSwNP. Besides new drugs, there is still a need for major research into biologics in severe asthma cases, namely with comparative studies, better biomarkers for predicting response, and the determination of optimal treatment duration.

Indexed as

airway inflammationasthma biomarkersbiologic therapiesdifficult-to-treat asthmanon-type 2 asthmanovel asthma treatmentssevere asthmatype 2 asthma

Identifiers

PMID40364184
PMCPMC12072268

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.