ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Individual and Simultaneous Photodegradation of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole Assessed with the Microbial Assay for Risk Assessment.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Metabolism-Based Biomarkers for Rapid Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Co-trimoxazole is an antibacterial drug, a mixture of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) in a ratio of 5:1. Due to the different susceptibility of both components to decomposition under the influence of sunlight, the aim of the study was to assess the change in bacteriostatic activity during irradiation of the mixture of these antibiotics in a sunlight simulator. The bacteriostatic activity was assessed using a Microbial Assay for Risk Assessment (MARA), monitoring drug concentrations as well as the formation of photodegradation products using liquid chromatography (LC). The toxicity analysis of the SMX and TMP mixture showed synergistic bacteriostatic activity for six bacterial strains. This activity was maintained even during sample irradiation when 80-90% of SMX was degraded. This may indicate the bacteriostatic effect of SMX photoproducts and/or the lack of necessity to maintain a 5:1 ratio between SMX and TMP to maintain a strong effect of the mixture of these antibiotics. Analysis using LC with a high-resolution mass spectrometry detector revealed the presence of 11 SMX degradation products, including two with preserved sulfonamide structure, which may exhibit bacteriostatic activity.
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Registered trials
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