Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40363586›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Identification of the Influence of IPA Rinsing Times on Surface Roughness of SLA-Printed Parts Made of Different Materials.

Wiktor Harmatys, Adam Gąska, Piotr Gąska, Maciej Gruza

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wiktor HarmatysCracow University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1188-3374
Adam GąskaCracow University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2178-3919
Piotr GąskaAGH University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Department of Manufacturing Systems, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5404-2703
Maciej GruzaCracow University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.

Funding

The Marshal's Office of the Małopolska Region RPMP.01.01.00-12-0077/19-00-XVII/20/FE/20
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) washing time on the surface roughness of stereolithography (SLA)-printed parts fabricated using the Formlabs Form 3B+ printer. Three photopolymer resins provided by the manufacturer were evaluated: Gray, Tough 2000, and Rigid 10K. Samples were printed in standardized geometries and post-processed under controlled conditions, with IPA washing times ranging from 6 to 30 min, followed by UV post-curing. The surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz, Rt, and RSm) were measured using a Taylor Hobson Form Talysurf i-Series profilometer under metrologically controlled conditions. The results revealed a clear correlation between increased IPA exposure time and improved surface finish, though the magnitude and monotonicity of this effect were material dependent. Rigid 10K exhibited the most consistent reduction in roughness with longer washing, while Tough 2000 showed substantial improvement with extended durations but also demonstrated temporary surface degradation at intermediate wash times. Gray resin achieved near-optimal roughness after moderate rinsing, with orientation-dependent differences observed. The findings indicate that the careful optimization of washing duration can significantly enhance the surface quality in SLA prints, potentially eliminating the need for secondary finishing processes. The implications are relevant to both industrial and medical applications where dimensional fidelity and surface smoothness are critical. Recommendations for optimal washing durations are proposed for each material, and directions for further research are outlined.

Indexed as

post-processingroughnesssterolitography

Identifiers

PMID40363586
PMCPMC12072989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.