ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Cytokine Networks in Lichen Sclerosus: A Roadmap for Diagnosis and Treatment?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Molecular Mechanisms in the Etiopathology of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Systematic Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Immunological aspects and quality of life among patients with lichen sclerosus.Skin health and disease · 2026Review
- The Efficacy of an Optimized, Low-Intensity Photodynamic Therapy Protocol with 10% 5-ALA Nanoemulsion in Refractory Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Impact on Quality of Life and Sexual Function.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Elevated expression of immune checkpoints and pro-inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers in pediatric Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- "From inflammation to fibrosis: a proposed role of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in lichen sclerosus - a conceptual framework".Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Upadacitinib for refractory generalized lichen sclerosus: a case report and brief literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Penile microbiome in histopathologically confirmed lichen sclerosus: a comparative study of urethral and preputial swabs.World journal of urology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder primarily affecting the anogenital region, leading to symptoms such as itching, pain, and sexual dysfunction, all of which significantly impact patients' quality of life. Due to the non-specific nature of its early symptoms, diagnosis is often delayed. This review examines the cytokine networks involved in LS, with a focus on immune activation, the role of T-helper (Th)1 cells, and the interaction between inflammatory mediators and the extracellular matrix, particularly in fibrosis. By providing an updated understanding of LS immunopathogenesis, this review highlights key mediators involved in disease progression and offers insights into personalized treatment strategies that may improve patient outcomes. Additionally, current therapeutic approaches and future directions in LS management are discussed.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.