Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361733›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A Balancing Act-20 Years of Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation in Europe: A Historical Perspective and Reflection.

Sonja Jost, Christian Herzig, Marc Birringer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sonja JostCenter for Sustainable Food Systems, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstrasse 3, 35390 Giessen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6551-0384
Christian HerzigCenter for Sustainable Food Systems, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstrasse 3, 35390 Giessen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4480-1091
Marc BirringerDepartment of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037 Fulda, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0343-4704

Funding

University of Giessen; Hochschule Fulda - University of Applied Sciences none
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation (NHCR) has introduced a new regulatory perspective in food manufacturing, along with influencing consumers' perception of health-related food claims. Since 2006, a new standard of science-based claims has significantly impacted the European health food market. Over the years, numerous additional decisions have been made, and the ongoing process remains challenging for policymakers striving to harmonize consumer protection and trade within and outside the European Union (EU). This paper presents the current state of the NHCR's implementation, along with key events aimed at enhancing understanding among consumer organizations and food industry stakeholders, while also offering an insider perspective on relevant policy issues. Additionally, we address two pertinent policy issues to elucidate the associated challenges and opportunities, providing insights to support informed decision-making by policymakers. We use the nutrient profiles framework as a case study to illustrate considerations underpinning the objective of "consumer protection", while the "probiotics" market serves as an example for exploring the goal of "facilitation of trade". This historical perspective and reflection lead us to propose possible solutions for future food regulation.

Indexed as

claim-carrierhealth claimshistorical perspectivenutrient profilesprobioticsregulation

Identifiers

PMID40361733
PMCPMC12071930

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.