Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361344›Full record

ArticleCancers2025

Extrahepatic Recurrence After Surgical Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Intrahepatic Recurrence: A Multi-Institutional Observational Study.

Ga Ram You, Shin Young Park, Su Hyeon Cho, Sung Bum Cho, Yang Seok Koh, Chang Hun Lee, Hoon Gil Jo, Sung Kyu Choi, Jae Hyun Yoon

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ga Ram YouDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-7001-7372
Shin Young ParkDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
Su Hyeon ChoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
Sung Bum ChoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9816-3446
Yang Seok KohDepartment of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-0368-5389
Chang Hun LeeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7244-8849
Hoon Gil JoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wonkwang University Hospital and Medical School, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea.
Sung Kyu ChoiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
Jae Hyun YoonDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4993-2496

Funding

Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute BCRI24041The National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2021R1F1A1061719The Research Supporting Program of The Korean Association for the Study of the Liver and The Korean Liver Foundation KASLKLF2019-06
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesExtrahepatic recurrence (EHR) is a significant negative prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although EHR is commonly observed in high-risk patients following HCC hepatectomy, its occurrence without concurrent intrahepatic HCC remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to examine the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with EHR in patients without intrahepatic HCC at diagnosis.

methodsThis study included 1066 treatment-naïve patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HCC at four tertiary academic centers between January 2004 and December 2019. After excluding those with intrahepatic recurrence (IHR), concurrent EHR, or incomplete clinical records, 569 patients were included in the final analysis. Risk factors for EHR were assessed using multivariate Cox regression over a median follow-up period of 3.91 years.

resultsAmong the cohort, 38 patients developed EHR post-surgery without residual intrahepatic HCC, with a median follow-up of 1.04 years. These patients experienced earlier initial HCC recurrence than those without EHR (1.73 vs. 4.43 years). Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between EHR and microvascular invasion (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.418,

conclusionsEHR without detectable IHR is significant and warrants close monitoring in high-risk patients.

Indexed as

extrahepatic recurrenceHCCprognosissurgerysurvival

Identifiers

PMID40361344
PMCPMC12070905

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.