Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361220›Full record

ArticleTrials2025

Smartphone virtual reality for pain management during pediatric burn care transition: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Megan Armstrong, Amber Price, Rebecca Coffey, Dana Noffsinger, Rajan K Thakkar, Renata B Fabia, Jonathan I Groner, Samuel Mandell, Ai Ni, Henry Xiang

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05673551 (A Randomized Clinical Trial of Smartphone Virtual Reality for Pain Management During Burn Care Transition), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05673551 naenrolling by invitationnot on this map

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Smartphone Virtual Reality for Pain Management During Burn Care Transition

TypeinterventionalSponsorNationwide Children's HospitalRan2023 to 2027Enrolled220ConditionsBurns, Acute Pain, Procedural Pain, InjuriesArmsVR-PAT
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Megan Armstrong *Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Amber Price *Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
Rebecca CoffeyBurn Program, 5200 Harry Hines Blvd, Parkland HealthDallas, TX, 75235, USA.
Dana NoffsingerCenter for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Rajan K ThakkarCenter for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Renata B FabiaCenter for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Jonathan I GronerCenter for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Samuel MandellDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
Ai NiDivision of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, USA.
Henry XiangCenter for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. henry.xiang@nationwidechildrens.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8112-319X

Funding

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Safety Program for Telemedicine R01HS29183-01AHRQ HHS R01 HS029183
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBurn injuries severe enough to result in emergency department visits are a large burden for US children. Treatment for these injuries often involves daily dressing changes at home, which can be very painful and anxiety-inducing. This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of a virtual reality therapeutic for pain and anxiety alleviation during repeated at-home burn dressing changes among pediatric patients.

methodsTwo hundred children with burn injuries requiring daily dressing changes will be recruited from two American Burn Association-verified burn centers in the USA for this randomized, controlled, two-arm clinical trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. During each dressing change at home, the intervention group will play the Virtual Reality Pain Alleviation Therapeutic (VR-PAT) game and answer questions about their pain, anxiety state, pain medication usage, simulator sickness symptoms, and experience playing the game. The control group will perform their dressing as usual without the VR-PAT and answer questions about their pain, anxiety state, and pain medication usage. The primary outcome is the difference in self-reported pain and anxiety between the two groups over their week of dressing changes. DISCUSSION: The transition of burn injury treatment from the medical center to the home can increase anxiety for children and their parents. Virtual reality is a promising digital technology that can improve wound care for these children. Findings from this trial will provide data on the efficacy of the VR-PAT for reducing self-reported pain and anxiety during daily home dressing changes for pediatric burn care. The results from this trial will serve as evidence for a large-scale implementation study.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05673551. Registered on December 21, 2022.

Indexed as

AnxietyBurnsPain ManagementSmartphoneVirtual RealityVirtual Reality Exposure TherapyAdolescentBandagesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicPain MeasurementRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBurnChildrenDistractionHome careVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID40361220
PMCPMC12076937

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.