Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361017›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Portfolio diet and LDL-C in a young, multiethnic cohort: cross-sectional analyses with cumulative exposure modeling.

Victoria Chen, Laura Chiavaroli, Andrea J Glenn, Meaghan E Kavanagh, Tara Zeitoun, Sara Mahdavi, Cyril W C Kendall, David J A Jenkins, Ahmed El-Sohemy, John L Sievenpiper

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Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Victoria ChenDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Laura ChiavaroliDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Andrea J GlennDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Meaghan E KavanaghDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tara ZeitounDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sara MahdaviDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Cyril W C KendallDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
David J A JenkinsDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ahmed El-SohemyDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
John L SievenpiperDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. john.sievenpiper@utoronto.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Portfolio Diet is a plant-based dietary pattern of cholesterol-lowering foods that has demonstrated clinically meaningful reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other cardiovascular risk factors. However, the Portfolio Diet has not been assessed in an ethnoculturally diverse population of young adults.

objectiveTo examine the association of the Portfolio Diet Score (PDS) with LDL-C and other established cardiovascular risk factors in a young adult population.

methodsThis cross-sectional analysis included 1,507 men and women (mean age, 23 ± 3 years) of diverse ethnocultural backgrounds from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Diet was assessed by a validated Toronto-modified Harvard 196-item food frequency questionnaire with adherence to the Portfolio Diet measured using the Portfolio Diet Score. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions with adjustment for potential confounders. Modeling analyses related LDL-C levels according to absolute adherence to the Portfolio Diet with cumulative LDL-C and onset of rising cardiovascular risk by age.

resultsParticipants were Caucasian (49%), East Asian (34%), South Asian (11%), or other (7%) with a mean LDL-C of 2.3 ± 0.7mmol/L. A 1-point higher PDS and higher PDS tertiles were associated with lower LDL-C (ß [95% CI] per 1-point: -0.009mmol/L [-0.016, -0.002], P = 0.013; P

conclusionsAmong young adults, the PDS was inversely associated with LDL-C and several other established cardiovascular risk factors. Early adherence to the Portfolio Diet may limit lifetime exposure to LDL-C and could delay the age at which cardiovascular events begin.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, LDLDietEthnicityAdultCardiovascular DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleOntarioYoung AdultCholesterol, LDLCardiovascular risk factorsCumulative exposureLDL-CPortfolio DietPrimordial preventionYoung adults

Identifiers

PMID40361017
PMCPMC12070585

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