Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361015›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

The macroeconomic burden of hepatitis C and the economic benefit of accelerated investments in China.

Yun Bao, Ying Chen, Huajie Jin, Chi Zhang, Lingli Zhang, Bin Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yun BaoDepartment of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
Ying ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Huajie JinKing's Health Economics (KHE), Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Chi ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
Lingli ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. zhanglingli@scu.edu.cn.
Bin WuDepartment of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China. scilwsjtu-wb@yahoo.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 72074142Royal Society Sino-British Fellowship Trust International Exchanges Award IES\R3\213044
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant health and economic burden worldwide, with China bearing a considerable portion of this burden. Chinese treatment coverage remains low, and the full economic implications of achieving these goals are not well understood.

objectiveThis study aims to evaluate the macroeconomic burden of HCV from 2023 to 2050, as well as the investments required, health benefits, cost-effectiveness, net economic benefit, and the impact on economic growth associated with achieving WHO hepatitis C intervention coverage targets more rapidly during this period.

methodsA dynamic compartmental model was used to simulate the transmission, progression, and cascade of care for HCV patients in China. Intervention costs and healthcare costs were calculated using the cost-of-illness (COI) method. A health-augmented macroeconomic model projected macroeconomic outcomes. Scenarios were developed to evaluate different time points for achieving coverage targets.

resultsThe projected macroeconomic burden of HCV from 2023 to 2050 is $1.17 trillion. Achieving WHO targets by 2030 is expected to spend $69.72 (95% UI $66.22-$73.68) billion but will avert 0.66(95% UI 0.58-0.74) million hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, and 1.10(95% UI 1.03-1.18) million HCV-related deaths compared to status quo. Faster achievement of coverage targets is associated with investments becoming cost-effective sooner and facilitating greater economic growth.

conclusionAchieving the WHO Global Health Sector Strategy diagnosis and treatment coverage targets by 2030 in China is projected to be cost-effective and result in significant health and economic benefits. The findings underscore the importance of increased investment in hepatitis C elimination efforts in China.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessHepatitis CInvestmentsChinaCost-Benefit AnalysisHealth Care CostsHumansModels, EconomicChinaCost-effectivenessHepatitis CMacroeconomic burdenWHO targets

Identifiers

PMID40361015
PMCPMC12070631

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.