ArticleJournal of inherited metabolic disease2025
State of the Art and Consensus Statements by Healthcare Providers, Patients, and Caregivers on Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Liver Glycogen Storage Diseases.
Article in Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Glycogen Storage Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Utility, Accuracy and Patient Outcomes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices in pediatric hypoglycemia in Italy (KAPPHy study).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Clinical and biochemical footprints of inherited metabolic disorders: XIX. Hypoglycemia.Molecular genetics and metabolism · 2026Review
- Shifting Towards Empagliflozin First-Line Therapy in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ib: A Nationwide Real-World Study.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly used although not officially registered for the management of people living with liver glycogen storage diseases (GSDs). The aims of this study were twofold: (a) to investigate the current experiences of healthcare providers (HCPs), patients, and caregivers using CGM to monitor glucose concentrations in liver GSDs, and (b) to formulate consensus statements. Two web-based questionnaires were distributed, one for HCPs and one for patients and/or their caregivers. The questionnaires collected data on demographics and epidemiology, current use of CGM, and opinions and statements about CGM in GSDs. For the statements, respondents rated their agreement on a 5-point Likert scale, and the consensus level was set at 75%. One Hundred Fourteen HCPs (including 87 physicians and 26 dietitians) from 28 countries responded, representing care of approximately 3800 liver GSD patients. Additionally, 148 GSD patients and/or their caregivers from 21 countries responded, mainly representing GSD Ia (n = 50), GSD Ib (n = 56), GSD III (n = 14), and GSD IX (n = 18). The median age to consider starting to use CGM was 6 and 2 months for HCPs and GSD families, respectively. Out of 16 statements common to the two questionnaires, HCPs and patients/caregivers reached consensus on 12 statements in both groups. Use of CGM is considered standard of care by both HCPs and GSD families, but reimbursement of CGM devices is challenging. Compared to diabetes mellitus, CGM should be applied differently in liver GSDs. Consensus guidelines are warranted on the use of CGM in liver GSDs, both in routine healthcare and in clinical trials.
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Registered trials
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