ArticleSexually transmitted infections2026
Barriers and facilitators to HIV testing among African and Caribbean heritage communities: a mixed methods study.
Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identifying factors influencing HIV testing behavior among high-risk elderly men: a mixed-methods study incorporating structural equation modeling and thematic framework.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Factors influencing male involvement in maternal and child health care from the health center of Xai-Xai city, Mozambique: a cross-sectional qualitative study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
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18 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesAfrican and Caribbean heritage (ACH) communities in the UK face disproportionately high rates of HIV and often experience delayed diagnoses, worsening health inequities. Increasing HIV testing in these communities is essential to address these disparities and support the UK's HIV reduction targets. This study examines barriers and facilitators to HIV testing among Bristol's ACH community, a high-prevalence area with significant rates of late diagnoses, filling a critical gap in context-specific data.
methodsUsing a mixed-methods approach, this study combined 29 in-depth interviews and 41 online surveys, capturing ACH community members' views on HIV stigma, healthcare trust and testing experiences. Data were thematically analysed and mapped to the Social Ecological Model (SEM) framework, with community researchers conducting data collection and analysis to enhance participants' engagement and trust and contribute to a deeper contextual analytical understanding.
resultsFindings highlight significant barriers across SEM levels: individual-level knowledge gaps and stigma, interpersonal confidentiality concerns within tight knit communities, community-level taboos and distrust and organisational barriers, such as discriminatory healthcare experiences. Effective facilitators included culturally specific services, flexible testing options, community-driven outreach and increased healthcare representation, all of which fostered greater trust and engagement in testing.
conclusionThe study underscores the importance of culturally aligned interventions, including representation within and training in cultural competence for healthcare providers and community co-production in service design. Implementing such strategies could reduce late diagnoses and support the normalisation of routine HIV testing in ACH communities, ultimately contributing to health equity. Future research should explore gender and age-specific barriers, while assessing the long-term impact of community-led interventions to inform national HIV policy and public health strategies for marginalised communities in the UK.
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