Observational studyJAMA network open2025
Fentanyl Test Strip Use and Overdose Risk Reduction Behaviors Among People Who Use Drugs.
Observational study in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Adolescent Substance Use Screening in the Emergency Department.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Review
- A mixed methods examination of organizational approaches to fentanyl test strip distribution and training across multiple states.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Survey of local patterns of fentanyl exposure and harm reduction strategies in the Southeastern United States.The mental health clinician · 2026Article
- "I wasn't scared of the dope I had anymore because I could test it myself:" A qualitative study among rural Appalachians who use drugs about experiences with a fentanyl test strip intervention.Research square · 2026Article
- Harm reduction engagement and ongoing opioid use among adults receiving methadone or buprenorphine in Philadelphia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Fentanyl test strip use and homelessness among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic Characteristics and Drug Use Practices Associated with Fentanyl Use Frequency Among People Who Use Drugs in Rhode Island.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Urgent response is needed to address the stimulant-fentanyl related overdose crisis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- What's in the Powder? Evaluating Fentanyl Test Strip Sensitivity to Common Household Items in Chemical Emergency Response Scenarios.Journal of chemical health & safety · 2025Article
- Association of fentanyl test strip results and change in drug use behaviors: A multi-state, community-based observational study.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Observational
- Prospective cohort study of fentanyl test strip use and distribution in three states: the stay safe study protocol and implementation recommendations for researchers.Harm reduction journal · 2025Observational
- Gender-based differences in harm reduction practices among people who use drugs in Rhode island: a latent class analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Longitudinal evaluation examining implementation and sustainment of an opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution among veterans who are unstably housed.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Align Appalachia's Opioid-Settlement Spending with Evidence and Emerging Threats.Journal of Appalachian health · 2025Article
- Exploratory Analysis of the Characteristics Associated With the Use of Fentanyl Test Strips Among People Who Use Drugs in Rhode Island, 2021-2023.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Illegal fentanyl is driving overdose mortality, and fentanyl test strips (FTS) can be used to test drugs for fentanyl at the point of consumption. Evidence on whether FTS use is associated with overdose risk reduction behaviors is encouraging, but largely limited to smaller, single-site studies. Objective: To determine whether self-reported baseline FTS use among people who use drugs (PWUD) was associated with overdose risk reduction behaviors and nonfatal overdose over a 28-day follow-up. Design, Setting, and Participants: Multisite, observational cohort study of PWUD conducted from May to December 2023 as an ancillary study of the HEALing Communities Study, which consists of fixed and mobile direct service provision sites in 14 community partner organizations distributing FTS. Participants lived in Kentucky, New York, or Ohio and reported using heroin, fentanyl, cocaine, methamphetamine, or nonprescribed opioids, benzodiazepines, or stimulants within 30 days before baseline. Participants were followed up for a maximum of 37 days. Exposure: Baseline FTS use. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was a composite score measuring the self-reported number and frequency of using 8 overdose risk reduction behaviors. Secondary outcomes included multiple measures (eg, self-reported nonfatal overdose). Results: The study included 732 participants (median [IQR] age, 41 [34.0-48.0] years; 369 [50.4%] male; 64 [8.9%] Black or African American, 587 [81.3%] White, and 71 [9.8%] other races); 414 reported baseline FTS use and 318 did not. Compared with nonusers, a higher percentage of baseline FTS users were from Ohio and White, while a lower percentage were from New York and Hispanic and/or Black. In adjusted analyses, PWUD who used FTS had a mean daily composite score for overdose risk reduction behaviors that was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.34-1.38) units higher across follow-up compared with nonusers (score for FTS users, 7.37; nonusers, 6.51). There was no difference in self-reported nonfatal overdoses between the 2 groups (mean daily risk for FTS users, 0.02; nonusers, 0.02; risk ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.70-2.06). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, baseline FTS use was associated with greater engagement in overdose risk reduction behaviors during follow-up, but not with the risk of nonfatal overdose during follow-up, suggesting PWUD who use FTS may also engage in a broader set of harm reduction strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.