Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning and Red Blood Cells Biomarkers on Outcomes in Patients With Acute Stroke.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Ineligible for Recanalization Therapies: A Phase II Trial.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Translational Barriers and Optimization Strategies for Remote Ischemic Conditioning to Enhance Stroke Cerebroprotection.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Cytoprotection Concepts for Ischemic Stroke in the Recanalization Era.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Determinants of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRemote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a simple and low-cost intervention that is thought to increase collateral blood flow through the vasodilatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium and red blood cells (RBCs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether RBC form and function are associated with short- and long-term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and whether RIC treatment modified this effect. METHODS AND
resultsThis is a predefined substudy to the RESIST (Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients with Acute Stroke Trial) randomized clinical trial conducted in Denmark. RIC was started in the ambulance and continued at the hospital for 7 days. RBC deformability and erythrocyte aggregation rate were assessed using ektacytometry, NO using flowcytometry, and nitrite content using ozone chemiluminescence. Logistic regression and mixed effect models were used. Out of 1500 prehospital randomized patients, and between July 28, 2020 and November 11, 2023, 486 patients had blood samples taken. Of these 249 (51%) had acute ischemic stroke and were included in this study. In the acute phase, higher levels of RBC deformability, aggregation, and RBC NO content were associated with worse clinical outcome if patients were treated with RIC compared with sham. Similar results were found at 24 hours, except for a potential effect on early neurological improvement in RIC-treated patients with an increased deformability level at 24 hours.
conclusionsRIC may have time-dependent and biomarker-specific effects on stroke outcomes, and detrimental interactions between increasing biomarker levels and RIC were observed. This may explain previous failures to translate RIC into an effective neuroprotective therapy in the hyperacute phase.
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