Post-stroke lesion correlates of errors in verbal and spatial production tasks.

Introduction: Traditional lateralization models assign post-stroke verbal impairments to the left hemisphere and spatial impairments to the right hemisphere. When considering error measures, this dichotomy may be too simplistic, as performance monitoring may involve domain-general and domain-specific components. Furthermore, the error-monitoring hypothesis predicts domain-incongruent specialization, with left hemisphere dominance for spatial and right hemisphere dominance for verbal errors. Methods: We performed voxel-based lesion-behavior mapping in Results: Significant associations were found between lesion location and error rates in both tasks, spatial fluency (correlation = 0.36, Discussion: Post-stroke performance monitoring involves two distinct neural systems. One is a domain-general system, probably centered in the right inferior frontal region, that supports overall accuracy. The other is a widely distributed, reverse lateralized system, with left lesions associated with spatial accuracy and right lesions associated with verbal accuracy. This suggests that performance monitoring relies on more complex hemispheric interactions than traditional models suggest.