ArticleJAC-antimicrobial resistance2025
Effects of regional diversity on antimicrobial prescribing in dogs and cats in North Carolina from 2019 to 2020.
Article in JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Data on antimicrobial use (AMU) in companion animals is lacking in the United States, along with information regarding drivers of such prescribing. Objectives: To describe trends in AMU for dogs and cats in North Carolina (NC) over geography, urbanicity, time, and patient sex from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020 and evaluate the influence of summarized measures of social vulnerability and the COVID-19 pandemic on prescribing practices. Methods: In cooperation with IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. (IDEXX), we collected prescribing data from dogs and cats treated at 389 practices during 2019 and 2020. Practices were stratified by geographic region (mountain, piedmont, coastal plain) and urbanization (rural, urban). Social vulnerability was measured using the CDC published Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) data and was summarized for each of the six areas. Poisson family models were used to estimate prescribing rates and rate ratios for independent variables, normalized by the total number of monthly patients. Results: Combination beta-lactam agents, fluoroquinolones, nitroimidazole, and cephalosporins were the most prescribed drug classes. Region and urbanicity only significantly affected prescribing rate for first-generation cephalosporins in dogs, and prescribing rates did not significantly change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient sex was the most consistently significant independent variable for prescribing rates. Conclusions: The current study found that prescribing rates of the most common antimicrobials in dogs and cats were fairly uniform with some increased prescribing in rural and vulnerable areas of the state.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.