Trial reportContact dermatitis2025
The Effect of Alcohol-Based Virucidal Hand Sanitizers on Skin Barrier Function-A Randomised Experimental Study.
Trial report in Contact dermatitis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal analysis of the hand microbiome in response to chlorine-based antiseptic use during a military field exercise.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Antioxidant and Photoprotective Activities ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApplying alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs) is a proven means of combating hand-borne microorganisms. In addition to their bactericidal activity, some rubs also have virucidal properties (ABVHRs). Frequent use of ABHRs can result in skin irritation.
objectivesThis study investigates the impact of four commercially available ABVHRs on skin function (ABVHR A-D). ABVHR-A and ABVHR-B contained ethanol in higher concentrations, whereas ABVHR-C and ABVHR-D comprised ethanol and 1-propanol at lower concentrations combined with phosphoric acid (PA).
methodsUsing occlusion-modified tandem irritation tests and standard bioengineering methods, we assessed the effects of these ABVHRs and controls (ethanol, isopropanol, PA, water) on 48 healthy Caucasian volunteers' skin.
resultsIn general, alcohols and ABVHRs were well tolerated. However, the results revealed significant changes in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), corneometry, and colorimetry between baseline and day 3 for all ABVHRs and controls, particularly for ABVHR-D (TEWL change 6.43 (SD 1.40) to 8.76 (SD 3.87)). Although the differences between the ABVHRs were not statistically significant, ABVHR-A and ABVHR-D significantly increased TEWL compared to water. Most ABVHRs demonstrated a better skin irritation profile than pure ethanol (80%) and isopropanol (70%). PA slightly reduced corneometry values.
conclusionsThis study suggests that the irritative potential of ABVHRs varies, likely due to differences in alcohol type (1-propanol in particular) and concentration. At the tested concentration, PA appears to be well tolerated and may enhance virucidal activity without significantly increasing skin irritation.
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