ArticleBMC cancer2025
Safety and efficacy of rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors and anlotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer without targetable driver mutations: a retrospective analysis.
Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Advancing immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge: key insights into efficacy, safety, and personalized strategies in advanced solid tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and prognostic model development of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a real-world study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- The efficacy and safety of radiotherapy and immunotherapy with or without anlotinib in driver gene-negative advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Real-World Outcomes and Safety of PD-1 Blockade Rechallenge Strategies After Prior Immunotherapy in Advanced NSCLC: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study assessed the safety and efficacy of rechallenging patients in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without targetable driver mutations using a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anlotinib following progression after prior immunotherapy.
methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 14 patients who received rechallenge with ICIs combined with anlotinib at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. China, between March 2020 and June 2024.
resultsThe study observed an objective response rate of 28.6% and a disease control rate of 92.9%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.7 months, with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive patients demonstrating significantly longer PFS (13.0 months) compared with PD-L1-negative or unknown patients (10.3 months, P = 0.048). Toxicity was manageable, with most adverse events being mild to moderate in severity. Only one case (7.1%) of grade 3 adverse events was reported, and no treatment-related fatalities occurred.
conclusionICIs combined with anlotinib as a rechallenge therapy exhibited promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced NSCLC without targetable driver mutations. These findings suggest a potential treatment option for patients with post-immunotherapy progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.