ReviewJournal of endocrinological investigation2025
Immune checkpoint inhibitors associated thyroiditis: mechanisms and clinical outcomes.
Review in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cell-intrinsic functions of PD-L1 activate autophagy and prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Thyroid Dysfunction Induced by Pembrolizumab: Five Case Reports.Case reports in oncologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer treatment improving prognosis in many cancers. However, ICI often trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that can affect various organ systems, leading to significant clinical challenges. The most frequent irAEs are those affecting the endocrine glands, reported in approximately 10% of treated patients. Thyroid dysfunction is the most common endocrine irAEs, mainly associated with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies. Transient asymptomatic thyrotoxicosis is the most common form of clinical presentation, often followed by hypothyroidism. Interestingly, several studies have demonstrated that irAEs correlate with the response to cancer therapy and with improved overall survival (OS). The mechanisms underlying thyroid irAEs are not fully elucidated but complex interactions between genetic predisposition to thyroid autoimmunity, distinct immune mechanisms and thyroid cell intrinsic mechanisms are thought to drive thyroiditis associated with ICI therapy. Purpose In this review we discuss the latest data on clinical features of thyroid irAEs, proposed mechanisms and their association with improved survival.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.