Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40352953›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature2025

Comparison of mortality trends in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease and nonrheumatic mitral valve disease: A retrospective study in US from 1999 to 2020.

Eeman Ahmad, Shahzaib Ahmed, Sophia Ahmed, Hamza Ashraf, Umar Akram, Shoaib Ahmad, Irfan Ullah, Mohammed Khanji, Wael Awad, Vuyisile Nkomo and 5 more

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Article in International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Eeman AhmadDepartment of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shahzaib AhmedDepartment of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan.
Sophia AhmedDepartment of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Hamza AshrafDepartment of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Umar AkramDepartment of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shoaib AhmadSt. Joseph Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Irfan UllahDepartment of Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Mohammed KhanjiDepartment of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Wael AwadDepartment of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Vuyisile NkomoDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Fabrizio RicciInstitute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 33 - 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Matthew BatesJames Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Mohammad AlkhalilDepartment of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Raheel AhmedNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Anwar A ChahalDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMitral valve disease (MVD) can have both rheumatic and nonrheumatic etiologies. However, differences in mortality remain unknown.

methodsWe extracted age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons from the CDC WONDER database and stratified them by sex, region, and race. Annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint regression. Pairwise comparison was used to identify significant differences for MVD mortality trends between rheumatic and nonrheumatic patients.

resultsFrom 1999 to 2020, a total of 72,085 deaths were recorded in patients with rheumatic MVD, while 132,300 occurred in those with nonrheumatic MVD. The AAMR for nonrheumatic patients was twice as high as that for rheumatic patients throughout the study period, and AAPC differed significantly between the groups (p < 0.05). Females with rheumatic MVD were observed to have a higher AAMR (1.1) than their male counterparts (0.8), but those with nonrheumatic MVD exhibited a similar AAMR for both females and males. Among rheumatic patients, NH (non-hispanic) Whites were reported to have the highest AAMR (1.0), followed by NH Black or African Americans (0.8), Hispanic or Latinos (0.7), and NH Asian or Pacific Islanders (0.7). Among nonrheumatic patients, NH Whites exhibited the highest AAMR (1.9), followed by NH Black or African Americans (1.4), NH Asian or Pacific Islanders (1.1), and Hispanic or Latinos (1.0). The AAMR in Rural areas was higher than that in Urban areas for patients with both rheumatic and nonrheumatic MVD.

conclusionComprehensive public health strategies are essential to improving survival outcomes.

Indexed as

Mitral valve diseaseMortalityNonrheumatic mitral valve diseaseRheumatic mitral valve disease

Identifiers

PMID40352953
PMCPMC12060514

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