Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40352336›Full record

ArticleSaudi journal of medicine & medical sciences

Clinical Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Sex-related Differences Among Smoking and Non-smoking Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Matched Case-control Study.

Hanan M Fathi, Samar Tharwat, Khaled El Hadidi, Yousra H Abdel-Fattah, Marwa A Amer, Amira M Ibrahim, Saad M Elzokm, Hanan M El-Saadany, Shereen Elwan, Doaa Mosad and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Hanan M FathiRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
Samar TharwatInternal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
Khaled El HadidiRheumatology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Yousra H Abdel-FattahRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Marwa A AmerRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Amira M IbrahimRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Saad M ElzokmRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Hanan M El-SaadanyRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.
Shereen ElwanRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.
Doaa MosadRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Samah Ismail NasefRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez-Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Maha E IbrahimRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez-Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Gehad G ElsehrawyRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez-Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Suzan S Al-AdleRheumatology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nermeen SamyInternal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Eman F MohamedInternal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Enas A AbdelaleemRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Hanan TahaInternal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Faten IsmailRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Zahraa I SelimRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Nada M GamalRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Ahmed ElsamanRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Osman HammamDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt.
Reem H MohammedRheumatology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Nevin HammamRheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Tamer A GheitaRheumatology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Egyptian College of Rheumatology Rheumatoid Arthritis Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Smoking may increase levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is an important contributor to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of RA patients who were smokers compared with non-smokers. Methods: A total of 849 RA patients who were smokers out of a large RA cohort of 10,364 patients (8.2%) were compared to 924 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched RA patients who were non-smokers. Patients were subjected to full history-taking and clinical examination. Laboratory tests such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) were measured. The disease activity score 28 (DAS28) and the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) score were assessed. Results: The mean age among smokers was 46.4 ± 11.3 years, the male-female ratio was 3:1, and the mean disease duration was 6.4 ± 6.2 years. There was a significantly higher frequency of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome in smokers compared to non-smokers (13.7%, 17.1%, and 9.2% vs. 8.4%, 12.9%, and 3.5%; Conclusions: Smoking in RA patients was found to be associated with a higher frequency of traditional comorbidities, rheumatoid nodules, oral ulcers, sicca complex, and neurological manifestations, but a lower disease activity. There is an obvious sex-driven pattern, with clinical alterations occurring more frequently in female smokers. Higher RF, anti-CCP, and double seropositivity are more observable in males and positive antinuclear antibody in females.

Indexed as

Anti-CCPDAS28Egyptrheumatoid arthritisrheumatoid factorsexsmoking

Identifiers

PMID40352336
PMCPMC12063961

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.