Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40352331›Full record

ArticleJournal of central nervous system disease2025

Paraneoplastic Tumefactive Demyelination With Underlying Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Chaloulos-Iakovidis Panagiotis, Arsany Hakim, Stork Lidia, Stadelmann-Nessler Christine, Kollár Attila, Chan Andrew, De Beukelaer Sophie, Salmen Anke, Hoepner Robert, Helly Hammer

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of central nervous system disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Chaloulos-Iakovidis PanagiotisDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-9155
Arsany HakimUniversity Institute of Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Stork LidiaInstitute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany.
Stadelmann-Nessler ChristineInstitute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany.
Kollár AttilaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Chan AndrewDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
De Beukelaer SophieDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Salmen AnkeDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Hoepner RobertDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0115-7021
Helly HammerDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-3448

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present a case of paraneoplastic tumefactive demyelination in a 55-year-old female with an underlying anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), alongside a review of the literature on all cases of tumefactive demyelination associated with non-CNS neoplasia. In the presented case the patient developed a right-sided subacute sensorimotor hemiparesis. The initial cerebral MRI revealed a bilateral frontoparietal tumefactive mass lesion with marked gadolinium uptake and mass effect. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed CSF-specific oligoclonal bands type III, with negative cell count, protein and pathogen testing. Brain biopsy indicated demyelination and T-cell infiltrates and foamy macrophages. A body CT revealed an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Despite steroids, plasma exchange, rituximab, and cancer treatment, the patient died due to clinical fluctuation and cancer progression. In addition to our case 9 cases of tumefactive demyelinating have been reported in patients with newly diagnosed extracranial neoplasia, most commonly seminoma germ cell tumour (7/10). 8/10 (80%) of patients were male, with mean age at diagnosis was 52.9 years 95% C.I. [43.8, 62.0]. 5/10 patients presented with sensorimotor hemiparesis and/or confusion/neurocognitive deficits. 4/10 with visual deficits and 2/10 with aphasia. In all cases neoplasia was diagnosed simultaneously or after neurological manifestations. All cases presented initially as solitary lesions. A malignancy specific-treatment as well as steroid treatment in different regiments were applied. In addition in 2/10 plasmapheresis was implemented and 1/10 patients received intravenous immunoglobulins. In the majority of cases including the presented case partial neurological improvement was documented whereas malignancy usually progressed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of paraneoplastic tumefactive demyelination associated with an ATC highlighting the importance of a thorough workup in these patients. This is the first reported case of paraneoplastic tumefactive demyelination associated with ATC, underscoring the necessity of a comprehensive diagnostic approach in similar patients.

Indexed as

anaplastic thyroid cancerMRIparaneoplastic syndrometumefactive demyelination

Identifiers

PMID40352331
PMCPMC12062606

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