Effects of 12-week integrative neuromuscular training on muscular fitness and sex differences in response to intervention in five- to six-year-old preschoolers.

Zhihai Wang, Jiayu Zang, Zhaohong Wang, Daniel T P Fong, Dan Wang

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial

In one paragraph

Trial report in PeerJ, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Effects of Wushu Programs on Lower-Limb Explosive Power in Preschool Children Aged 5-6 Years: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zhihai WangSchool of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Jiayu ZangSchool of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Zhaohong WangFifth Experimental Kindergarten, Xin'an County, Luoyang City, Henan, China.

Daniel T P FongNational Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.

Dan WangSchool of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This study examined the effects of a 12-week integrative neuromuscular training (INT) program on muscular fitness in male and female five- to six-year-old preschoolers. Methods: Thirty preschoolers were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (EG; Results: Significant interaction effects between the EG and CG were observed for grip strength, tennis ball throws, one-minute sit-ups, and standing long jumps ( Conclusions: These findings suggested that a 12-week INT program can more effectively enhance the muscular fitness of 5-6-year-old preschoolers compared to regular physical education classes, serving as an effective and efficient supplement to physical education for this age group. Furthermore, there is no evidence of sex -specific differences in the development of muscular fitness among 5-6-year-old preschoolers under the INT program.

Indexed as

Muscle StrengthPhysical Education and TrainingPhysical FitnessChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleSex FactorsChildrenMotor developmentNeuromuscular exercisePhysical educationStrength training

Identifiers

PMID40352273

DOI10.7717/peerj.19417

PMCPMC12066101

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.