Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40352025›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Lebanese Population.

Najib Y Awad, Battoul Fakhry, Imad Baddour, Omar Ismail, Youssef Jamaleddine, Lea Nohra, Ahmad Twainy, Karim Hassan, Joelle Azzi, Mirna N Chahine

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Najib Y AwadFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Battoul FakhryFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Imad BaddourFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Omar IsmailFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Youssef JamaleddineFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Lea NohraFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Ahmad TwainyFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Karim HassanFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Joelle AzziDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Mirna N ChahineDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding T2DM among Lebanese patients with T2DM compared to the general population. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, online-based questionnaire study conducted in Lebanon among patients with T2DM and the general population between July and September 2021. Data collection encompassed sociodemographic characteristics, habits, and personal/family history of T2DM and assessed the levels of knowledge (44 items), attitude (29 items), and practice (16 items) concerning T2DM. Results A total of 1,127 participants were included, and 445 participants had clinically diagnosed T2DM. Only 9% of the participants (103 out of 1,127 participants) showed adequate knowledge level regarding T2DM. Higher scores were noted among young (p = 0.048) and employed (p = 0.025) participants, who also had a higher educational level (p = 0.005) and were aware of their own HbA1c level (p = 0.005). Poor attitude was reported in approximately half of T2DM patients (231 out of 445 participants). A better attitude was noticed in participants with a higher T2DM-related knowledge level (p = 0.016) or a diabetic family member (p = 0.03). Concerning practice, 13.3% of responses were deemed adequate (59 out of 445 participants). Higher levels of T2DM-related knowledge (p = 0.001) and education (p = 0.032) were positively correlated with better practice, in contrast to smoking (p < 0.001) and obesity (p = 0.005). Conclusions We found a significant knowledge gap and poor attitude and practice regarding diabetes among Lebanese patients with T2DM, emphasizing the need for targeted awareness campaigns.

Indexed as

attitudeknowledgelebanonpracticetype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40352025
PMCPMC12065600

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.