ArticleCureus2025
Optimal Voltage for Cranial Electromagnetic Field Stimulation to Modulate Brain Activity.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Coenzyme Q10 protects against 6 GHz electromagnetic field-induced liver injury via suppression of inflammatory responses associated with NF-κB/p65 immunoreactivity and endoplasmic reticulum stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Progress to Date on Cranial Electromagnetic Field Stimulation to Modulate Brain Activity.Cureus · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background The electromagnetic field (EMF) patterns of the animal brain with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be modulated through EMF stimulation. The implication of EMF stimulation is that it can reverse abnormal EMF brain patterns, and this reversal can translate into facilitating a faster clinical recovery. In this paper, the authors applied escalating dosages of voltage stimulation to find the optimal voltage, one that transforms abnormal EMF patterns to normal EMF patterns in patients with atraumatic and traumatic brain injuries. Methods EMF data of patients greater than 18 years old diagnosed with brain injury from January 2025 to February 2025 were collected using the DAQami software (DATAQ Instruments, Akron, OH) and analyzed in real time using fast Fourier transform (FFT) with the Igor Pro 8 software (Wavemetrics, Inc., Lake Oswego, OR). EMF stimulation via escalating the dosage of voltage at the targeted frequency of interest (FOI), which was selected based on each patient's EMF signal related to the clinical presentations and/or radiographic findings, was applied, and clinical and EMF changes were measured in real time. Results The mean age was 47.1 years in all 10 patients. Mechanisms of injury included spontaneous hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage (one patient) and head trauma after a motor vehicle collision, dirt bike accident, and ground-level fall (nine patients). Radiographic findings included spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage (one patient), isolated traumatic subdural hematoma (one patient), traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (one patient), and no intracranial abnormalities (seven patients). Improvement in EMF data was found in two patients after stimulation at 1.0 voltage (V), three patients after stimulation at 3.0 V, one patient after stimulation at 8.0 V, and two patients after stimulation at 10.0 V, and a higher voltage may be needed for two patients with chief complaint of headache and whose EMF data only demonstrated some improvement after stimulation at 10.0 V. Conclusions The modulation of the brain at the optimal frequency and voltage stimulation was correlated with improvements in clinical symptoms and signs. The applied EMF frequency was precisely tailored to the identified EMF brain abnormalities of each patient. The escalating dosage of voltage stimulation was followed in real time until the optimal voltage stimulation, one that transformed abnormal EMF patterns into normal EMF patterns, was found. Modulating the brain this way likely reversed the malfunction of molecular and cellular changes and facilitated the recovery of brain functions.
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