Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40351594›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Simulating drone and bodily movements: a behavioral study.

Anna Kolesnikov, Marta Calbi, Martina Montalti, Nunzio Langiulli, Michele Guerra, Vittorio Gallese, Maria Alessandra Umiltà

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Rethinking Naturalistic Movie Neuroimaging Through Film Form.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Anna Kolesnikov *Department of Art History, Film and Audiovisual Media Studies, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Marta Calbi *Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Martina MontaltiUnit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Nunzio LangiulliUnit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Michele GuerraDepartment of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Vittorio GalleseUnit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Maria Alessandra UmiltàDepartment of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This study explores how drone movements and human bodily gestures influence spectators' perceptions, focusing on physical and emotional involvement, aesthetic appreciation, and time perception. Methods: Inspired by the iconic staircase scene from the Soviet film The Cranes Are Flying (1957), a set of 81 naturalistic video stimuli was created using a drone-mounted camera, varying in Drone Movement (Ascending, Descending, Still), Human Presence (Female, Male, None), and Image Speed (Normal, Low, Very Slow). Participants evaluated each video based on Liking, Perceived Movement, Physical Involvement, Emotional Involvement and Perceived Duration. Results and discussion: Results showed that ascending movements elicited the highest levels of perceived movement, aesthetic appreciation and emotional engagement, outperforming descending and still movements. These results could be explained by a stronger sense of effort and exertion associated with ascending movements, aligning with the embodied simulation of upward motion against gravity. Human presence significantly enhanced ratings across all metrics compared to videos without human figures, thus suggesting that bodily movements play a crucial role in evoking stronger viewer involvement. Additionally, the Female condition received higher aesthetic ratings. Notably, normal image speed yielded greater perceived movement and physical involvement than slowed footage, highlighting a stronger connection to the natural rhythm of bodies in motion. Furthermore, ascending and descending conditions were perceived as lasting longer than still, corroborating prior research on time perception distortions with dynamic stimuli. Correlation analysis highlighted a strong link between physical involvement, emotional engagement, and aesthetic appreciation, underscoring the interplay between bodily and emotional responses. This study emphasizes the potential of drone-based cinematography to evoke embodied and emotional responses, reinforcing the role of embodied simulation theory in cinematic experiences.

Indexed as

ascentdronesembodied simulationmovementnaturalistic video stimuli

Identifiers

PMID40351594
PMCPMC12062006

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.