Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40351531›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in molecular biosciences2025

Risk factors of colorectal cancer in middle-aged and elder adults in China: findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Lin Zhang, Yuyan Zhang, Yujia Huo, Yang Zhao, Aimin Xu, Zhining Liu, Qiaojun Hong, Huiming Tu, Junjie Huang, Li Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lin ZhangThe School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Suzhou, China.
Yuyan ZhangMonash University-Southeast University Joint Research Institute (Suzhou), Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Yujia HuoThe School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Suzhou, China.
Yang ZhaoThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Aimin XuDepartment of Statistics, College of Big Data and Software Engineering, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China.
Zhining LiuAnhui Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hefei, China.
Qiaojun HongDepartment of Oncology, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China.
Huiming TuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Junjie HuangThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China.
Li LiuBig Data Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to identify risk factors of colorectal cancer in a middle-aged and elder Chinese population over 45 years old and to provide evidence for preventing colorectal cancer in China. Method: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a nationally representative cohort used for research on demography, lifestyle and characteristics of colorectal cancer population. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding confidence interval (95% CI) using the maximum likelihood method. Univariate logistic regression was performed with the ORs of each risk factor and its association with incidence of colorectal cancer. Risk factors significant in univariate logistic regression were further evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. Cox proportional hazards model estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of each risk factor and its association with incidence of colorectal cancer. Results: In the univariable analysis, sex (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.00-5.36, p = 0.05), smoking (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.03-5.13, p = 0.04), age of quit drinking (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14, p = 0.02) and chronic lung disease (OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.11-6.99, p = 0.03) were associated with colorectal cancer which was also included in the multivariable analysis. However, probably because of the small sample size of colorectal cancer patients, no indicator was confirmed to be risk factor of colorectal cancer in the multivariable logistic regression. The univariate analysis of the Cox model indicated that smoking (HR = 2.30, 95%: 1.03-5.13, p = 0.04) and chronic lung disease (HR = 2.79, 95%: 1.11-6.97, p = 0.03) were associated with incidence of colorectal cancer. Similar to the results of multiple linear regression, no indicator was confirmed to be risk factors of incidence of colorectal cancer in the multivariable Cox model. Conclusion: In the univariate analysis, we identified significant associations between colorectal cancer and factors such as smoking and chronic lung disease. However, these associations did not hold in the multivariate analysis due to limitations in sample size. This suggests the need for further validation of these potential risk factors in larger-scale studies.

Indexed as

CHARLSChinese populationcolorectal canermiddle-aged and elder adultrisk factor

Identifiers

PMID40351531
PMCPMC12061671

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.