Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40347396›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2025

Qualitative Results from a Pilot Study of an Automated Directly Observed Therapy Intervention Using Artificial Intelligence with Conditional Economic Incentives among Young Adults with HIV.

L Danielle Wagner, Noah Mancuso, Marie C D Stoner, Louis Smith, Kristin Ming, Henna Patani, Adam C Sukhija-Cohen, Yancy Granados, Sue Napierala, Parya Saberi

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Article in AIDS and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

L Danielle WagnerWomen's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Berkeley, CA, USA. wagner@rti.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-491X
Noah MancusoWomen's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Marie C D StonerWomen's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Louis SmithDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kristin MingDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Henna PataniAIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Adam C Sukhija-CohenSutter Health, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Yancy GranadosAIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sue NapieralaWomen's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Parya SaberiDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Ujima Mentoring ProgramP30MH062246 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 2001 to 2026
$57.4M
NIH HHS P30MH062246NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Digitally monitoring and supporting daily antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a promising strategy for enhanced adherence among young adults with HIV (YWH). We implemented an innovative mobile app-based intervention that included automated directly observed therapy (aDOT) using artificial intelligence, medication reminders, and conditional economic incentives (CEIs). This intervention used facial recognition to track and record YWH's daily ART adherence. CEIs were given based on daily app use. A pilot study of the aDOT + CEI app intervention was conducted among YWH ages 18-29 for 3 months. We recruited virally unsuppressed YWH from AIDS Healthcare Foundation clinics in California and Florida and conducted qualitative interviews with YWH and providers regarding the intervention's motivators, deterrents, and helpfulness. Thirteen YWH and 5 providers were interviewed. YWH found the CEIs supported their adherence; however, most YWH did not find the CEI amount sufficiently motivating. The primary motivator for consistent app use was to improve health, and the app reminders were most helpful in improving adherence. YWH desired more reassurance and explanation about app privacy features. Providers suggested incorporating the intervention into counseling for newly diagnosed patients and recommended the intervention to help facilitate viral suppression with oral ART for those interested in transitioning to long-acting injectable ART. YWH and providers found the intervention helpful in reminders to take ART and in tracking adherence. Refinements to the CEI amount may further enhance the intervention. Additional research is needed to test the efficacy of a refined aDOT + CEI intervention to improve viral suppression in a larger sample.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsArtificial IntelligenceDirectly Observed TherapyHIV InfectionsMedication AdherenceMobile ApplicationsMotivationAdolescentAdultCaliforniaFemaleFloridaHumansInterviews as TopicMalePilot ProjectsAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral therapy adherenceArtificial intelligenceAutomated directly observed therapyEconomic incentivesViral suppressionYouth with HIV

Identifiers

PMID40347396
PMCPMC12927582

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.