Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40347267›Full record

ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2025

A novel tumor budding and cell nest size-based grading system outperforms conventional methods in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.

Xiangyu Chen, Shuang Song, Haiyan Shi, Bingjian Lu

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Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiangyu Chen *Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Shuang Song *Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Haiyan ShiDepartment of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Bingjian LuDepartment of Surgical Pathology and Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. lbj@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-1116

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tumor budding and tumor cell nest size-based (TBNS) grading scheme is an emerging prognostic indicator for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) across various organs; however, its significance in vulvar SCC (VSCC) remains poorly investigated. In this study, we applied the TBNS grading system to an institutional cohort of 62 consecutive surgically resected VSCC cases (39 HPV-independent and 23 HPV-associated), excluding patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or FIGO stage IA disease. High tumor budding activity, small cell nest size, and high TBNS grade were significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in VSCC, as well as with adverse clinicopathologic features such as lymphovascular space invasion, perineural involvement, lymph node metastasis, and advanced FIGO stage (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that TBNS grade 3 was independently associated with reduced DFS (p < 0.05). In contrast, among the two conventional grading systems, only the Gynecology Oncology Group grading system showed a significant association with OS in univariate analysis (p < 0.05), but not in multivariate analysis (p > 0.05). We conclude that the TBNS grading system is a promising prognostic indicator for VSCC, outperforming conventional grading systems. Further validation in larger cohorts is needed to expand the clinical applicability of this grading system in VSCC.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellNeoplasm GradingVulvar NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPrognosisRetrospective StudiesCell nest sizeGradingPrognosisSquamous cell carcinomaTumor buddingVulva

Identifiers

PMID40347267

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.