ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2025
Long-term dual-trajectories of TyG and LAP and their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in midlife: the CARDIA study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of lipid accumulation product on cardiometabolic multimorbidity and the mediating effect of leukocytes: evidence from a prospective cohort study among middle-aged and elderly chinese adults.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2026Article
- Anthropometry-adjusted TyG indices predict diabetes, graft failure, and mortality in kidney transplant recipients.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Joint effects of depression, lipid metabolic dysfunction, and their trajectories on incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a prospective multi-cohort analysis from two national cohorts.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular-liver-metabolic multimorbidity: preliminary insights into the associations with the triglyceride glucose index (TyG), its obesity-derived indices and their effects on long-term survival.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Article
- Correlation between the modified cardiometabolic index and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in a population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of Visceral Obesity Indices With Survival Among Cancer Survivors: Evidence From Two Nationally Population-Based Cohort Study.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- The obesity paradox effect of triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) on all-cause mortality in patients with malignant tumors: a machine learning-driven cohort study.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- The relationship between abdominal obesity indices and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and the incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a multi-state model study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Associations of eight insulin resistance-related indices and genetic risk with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity among participants with hypertension: a large prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Observational
- Associations of cumulative exposure and dynamic trajectories of the triglyceride-total cholesterol-body weight index with new-onset cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: evidence from a nationwide prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a cardiometabolic multimorbidity prediction model in middle-aged and older adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The association of C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from two cohort studies.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Association of pericoronary fat attenuation index and insulin resistance for the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and estimated glucose disposal rate with incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity vary across obesity phenotypes: a longitudinal cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Comparison of the TyG index, TyG-traditional obesity indices, and TyG-novel obesity indices: does increased complexity help in predicting cardiometabolic multimorbidity?Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Long-term body mass index variability and the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: Insights from two prospective cohorts.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
- Obesity-depression-metabolism triad: amplification of cardiometabolic multimorbidity risk in Chinese adults (CHARLS 2011-2018).Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity in relation to the metabolic score for insulin resistance and creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio in a middle-aged and aged population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInsulin resistance and central obesity are major risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are markers that independently predict cardiometabolic risk. However, their combined long-term trajectories and impact on cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) development remain unclear.
methodsThis cohort study utilized data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, which tracked 3467 participants at baseline. Dual-trajectory of TyG and LAP were identified using a group-based dual-trajectory model. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the relationships between dual-trajectory groups and primary cardiometabolic outcomes, including first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD), CMM (two or more conditions such as type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, or stroke), and all-cause mortality. Multi-state models were performed to assess the associations of dual-trajectory with CMM development.
resultsThe study included 3467 participants with a mean age of 25.08 years (SD = 3.59). Of these, 43.4% (n = 1505) were male, and 53.2% (n = 1561) were White. Three distinct dual-trajectory groups were identified: low-increasing (61.5%), high-amplitude fluctuation (7.6%), and high-increasing (30.9%). After multivariate adjustment, compared with the low-increasing group, the high-amplitude fluctuation group exhibited significantly higher risks for FCMD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.77), CMM (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.21-5.71), and all-cause mortality (HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.30-3.56), as well as elevated risks for transitions from baseline to FCMD (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17-1.63), FCMD to CMM (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.53-3.96), CMM to death (HR 2.87, 95% CI 1.19-7.62). The high-increasing group showed similar results.
conclusionsElevated and fluctuating trajectories of TyG and LAP from early adulthood are associated with increased risks of CMM development in midlife.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.