Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40346119›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Analyzing the ecologicality and functionality of kiln architecture in China through KH coder data mining algorithm and hierarchical event coding.

Runze Liu, Xiang Wang, Lin Yuan, Yunting Gao, Yan Zhang, Mengsi Yang, Weicong Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Runze Liu *College of Environment and Architectural Arts, Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts, Tianjin, 300143, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6437-1706
Xiang Wang *School of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0159-5167
Lin YuanSchool of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China. yuan-lin@ncut.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-0021-0365
Yunting GaoSchool of Art, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7245-8526
Yan ZhangSchool of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-4893-7965
Mengsi YangSchool of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-0593-0409
Weicong LiFaculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3565-6619

Funding

the major social science project of the Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Grant No. 2024JWZD52
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent studies focused on the ecological characteristics, heritage conservation, and economic benefits of kiln architecture, with most studies emphasizing structural analysis while neglecting the interaction mechanisms between architecture and ecological environment. Based on constructing ecologicality-architecture-cultural resilience theory, this study analyzes the structural features, ecological technologies, and conservation status of kiln architecture across various regions in China through KH Coder data mining and hierarchical event coding method and proposes a new protective framework. Findings: (1) Kiln architecture has evolved from built-against-the-mountain to semi-buried, fully-buried, reinforced earth-covered, and independent forms, as functional demands have changed from hazard avoidance to climate adaptability, functional expansion, and energy-saving design; (2) Climate, topography, and soil conditions are key factors driving the emergence of built-against-the-mountain, along-the-valley, sunken courtyard, and independent kiln architecture types; (3) Geological characteristics and material availability significantly shape the vaulted structural features of kiln architecture across different regions. Cultural archaeology and technological advancement have formed the main trajectory of cave dwelling environment development, promoting functional transformation and ecological planning. Meanwhile, political-oriented have acted as a secondary trajectory, advancing the standardization of construction techniques. The results confirm the decisive role of the natural environment in shaping the forms and variations of kiln architecture.

Indexed as

Building structure and technologyChina kiln architectureEcologicality-architecture-resilienceHierarchical event coding method (HECM)KH coderProtective framework

Identifiers

PMID40346119
PMCPMC12064666

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