SynthesisBMJ open2025
How do migrants living with HIV adhere to the HIV care process in high-income countries? A systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Effectiveness and Persistence of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in Migrant Individuals Living With HIV in Spain: Substudy of the RELATIVITY Cohort.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Observational
- Exploring HIV care disparities among foreigners in Taiwan: Insights from a multicenter study (2017-2023).IJID regions · 2026Article
- Population mobility and disease progression in people living with HIV: a machine learning analysis of a 10-year dynamic cohort.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn high-income countries (HICs), migrants living with HIV (MLHIV) are more likely than other HIV subpopulations to encounter problems which hamper their adherence to the care process; these include social and administrative insecurity, discrimination and psychological distress.
objectiveThis systematic review aimed to determine the specific features of adherence to the HIV care process among MLHIV in HIC.
methodThree researchers independently selected studies from a search for papers focusing on empirical studies on MLHIV's adherence to the care process in HIC, published between 1 January 2010 and 1 November 2024 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. The three dimensions evaluated for adherence to the care process were adherence to treatment, retention in care and virological response. HICs were characterised according to the World Bank's definition.
resultsOf 601 studies screened, 69 were included (26 (38%) analysing treatment adherence 44 (64%) 44 (64%) retention in care and 34 (48%) virological response). In 49 (71%) of these studies, MLHIV from sub-Saharan Africa accounted for the majority of persons included. MLHIV were mainly categorised according to their geographical region of origin. Only one study considered the reasons for migration. Of 52 statistically significant associations, only five found that being a migrant (vs being a non-migrant) was associated with a better HIV care process. Moreover, several individual (sociodemographic, clinical and psychological), and structural (care system organisation and political) factors associated with difficulties in adhering to the HIV care process were identified. DISCUSSION: MLHIV living in HIC had poorer adherence to the HIV care process for all three dimensions studied (ie, treatment adherence, retention in care and virological response). Research studies categorise MLHIV according to their geographical origin. However, this type of categorisation does not adequately capture social inequalities in health. To overcome this, studies must instead categorise MLHIV according to various intersecting factors, including, among other things, their reason for migrating, the length of time living in the destination country and violence experienced during their migratory journey. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021253280.
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