Observational studyThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2025
Antibiotic use attributable to RSV infections during infancy-an international prospective birth cohort study.
Observational study in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03627572 (REspiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in EUrope), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
REspiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) Study: Defining the Burden of Disease of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Europe.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- National real-life impact of prevention with nirsevimab on infants' RSV hospitalizations in Belgium.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of nirsevimab against respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric practice: the Piemonitorab study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Pathogen trends and paradigm shifts of respiratory infections in children: a 5-year retrospective study from Perugia.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly-life antibiotic use impacts microbiome composition and contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Despite respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being a leading cause of acute respiratory infections (ARI), accurate estimates of antibiotic use attributable to RSV are lacking.
objectivesTo assess RSV-associated antibiotic use during the first year of life. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe RESCEU birth cohort study followed healthy term infants, born (n = 9154) between 1 July 2017 and 31 July 2020 from five European countries, to identify RSV-ARI hospitalizations during infancy. In a nested cohort (n = 993), we performed active RSV surveillance by collecting nasal swabs in case of ARI symptoms during RSV seasons (October-April). Antibiotic use during hospitalization was identified through chart review, while outpatient data were collected via parental questionnaires.
resultsIn the total cohort, antibiotics were used in 22.8% of RSV hospitalizations (33/145) and 62.5% of RSV intensive care admissions (5/8). In the nested cohort, antibiotics were used in 5.2% of any-severity RSV-ARI (13/250) and 9.9% of medically attended RSV-ARI (13/131). This results in an estimated incidence of 1.3% (95%CI: 0.8-2.0) of healthy term infants receiving ≥1 course of antibiotics associated with RSV infection in their first year, with an incidence rate of 1.1 RSV-associated antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 infant-months (95%CI: 0.6-1.9). As such, RSV accounts for 22.9% of antibiotic prescriptions for ARI during RSV seasons.
conclusionsOne in 77 healthy term infants receives antibiotics during RSV infection before their first birthday. Real-world evidence is needed to establish the impact of RSV immunization on antibiotic use during infancy. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT03627572.
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