Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40342095›Full record

ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2025

Prostate cancer clinicopathological presentation in South-East Africa during the 2010 decade.

Sean M Patrick, Winstar Mokua Ombuki, Joan Ndambuki, Micah O Oyaro, Meshack Bida, Pamela X Y Soh, Gail S Prins, HEROIC PCaPH Africa1K, Vanessa M Hayes, M S Riana Bornman and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sean M PatrickSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-0364-0068
Winstar Mokua OmbukiDepartment of Urology, East Africa Kidney Institute, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0002-5325-2506
Joan NdambukiSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.ORCID 0009-0006-1453-4750
Micah O OyaroDepartment of Urology, East Africa Kidney Institute, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0001-5543-9983
Meshack BidaNational Laboratory Health Services, Pretoria, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-2282-1155
Pamela X Y SohAncestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8485-6556
Gail S PrinsDepartment of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9044-4734
HEROIC PCaPH Africa1K
Vanessa M HayesSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-4524-7280
M S Riana BornmanSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Peter Mungai NgugiDepartment of Urology, East Africa Kidney Institute, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0001-9897-9613

Funding

Pilot Program CoreP30ES027792 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI Gokhan M. Mutlu, Gail S Prins · 2017 to 2026
$13.6M
Genomic bases for African geo-ethnic prostate cancer health disparityR01CA285772 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY · PI Vanessa Marie Hayes · 2024 to 2026
$1.5M
Cancer Association of South AfricaCongressionally Directed Medical Research ProgramDoD Prostate Cancer Research Program PC200390Health Equity Research and Outcomes Improvement ConsortiumHEROIC PCaPH Africa1K Consortium PC210168HEROIC PCaPH Africa1K Consortium PC230673National Institute of HealthNCI NIH HHS 1R01CA285772-01NCI NIH HHS R01 CA285772NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES027792Prostate Cancer Foundation 2023CHAL4150University of Sydney Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death among men across Sub-Saharan Africa, with Southern and East Africa ranking first and fifth globally. However, lack of coordinated national cancer registries has biased data toward single-sourced, averaged, or model estimates. Here, our retrospective study included 8634 South-East African patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019, which when compared with 71 694 Black and 322 356 White period-matched American men, were over threefold more likely to present with aggressive disease (International Society of Urological Pathology grade groups ≥4: 45.38% vs 21.22% and 21.05%; prostate-specific antigen ≥20 ng/mL: 62.04% vs 17.29% and 11.17%, respectively; all 2-sided P < .0001). East over Southern African men are 1.5 times more likely to present with advanced disease, however, age was not a confounder. Supporting prostate cancer as a major health concern for Africa, our data suggest underestimation in East Africa, while highlighting the need for accurate monitoring, increased awareness, and tailored screening criteria.

Indexed as

Prostatic NeoplasmsAfrica, EasternAfrica, SouthernAgedBlack PeopleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm GradingProstate-Specific AntigenRegistriesRetrospective StudiesWhiteProstate-Specific Antigen

Identifiers

PMID40342095
PMCPMC12682384

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.