Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40341818›Full record

ArticleActa ophthalmologica2025

Effect of anticholinergic eye drops on intraorbital, periorbital and brain pulsation power.

Seyed Mohsen Ebrahimi, Niko Huotari, Ville Saarela, Marja Honkamo, Lauri Raitamaa, Vesa Korhonen, Johanna Tuunanen, Janne Kananen, Vesa Kiviniemi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta ophthalmologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Seyed Mohsen EbrahimiOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-7017
Niko HuotariOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Ville SaarelaResearch Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-7626
Marja HonkamoResearch Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Lauri RaitamaaOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Vesa KorhonenOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Johanna TuunanenOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Janne KananenHealth Science and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Vesa KiviniemiOulu Functional Neuroimaging (OFNI), Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.

Funding

Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 314497Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 335720Business FinlandEU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research JPND2022-120Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö JAES2016-2020&210043Profi-3 grantVTR funding
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe study aims to investigate the effect of pharmacologically reducing parasympathetic activity on ocular and cerebral pulsations, inspired by recent discoveries of a glymphatic-like system in the eye driven by physiological pulsations.

methodsForty-six healthy volunteers were subjected to fMREye imaging, with 23 receiving topical tropicamide and 23 serving as controls. Additionally, 83 healthy volunteers were scanned using 3D whole-brain magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG). Ocular pulsation power across very low-frequency, respiratory and cardiac bands was quantified in each individual.

resultsTopical tropicamide significantly reduced physiological pulsation power throughout the eye, including the cornea, lens, vitreous body, retina and optic nerve. Similar reductions were observed in the untreated eye, indicating potential systemic effects. In the brain, significant pulsation changes were noted in the venous sinus and internal carotid artery following tropicamide application.

conclusionThe findings suggest parasympathetic activity is crucial in modulating physiological pulsations in both ocular and cerebral glymphatic pathways. This interplay may have implications for conditions involving impaired fluid dynamics, such as glaucoma and traumatic brain injury.

Indexed as

BrainCholinergic AntagonistsOrbitTropicamideAdultFemaleHealthy VolunteersHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMydriaticsOphthalmic SolutionsYoung AdultCholinergic AntagonistsMydriaticsOphthalmic SolutionsTropicamidefMREye imagingglymphatic systemmagnetic resonance encephalographyocular pulsationsparasympathetic activityphysiological pulsationtropicamide

Identifiers

PMID40341818
PMCPMC12531599

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.