Trial reportJournal of general internal medicine2026
Perceived Barriers to Care for Urinary Tract Infections in Emerging Adulthood.
Trial report in Journal of general internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in emerging adulthood, yet barriers to care are not well understood.
objectiveTo examine perceived barriers to UTI care among emerging adults, analyzing differences by social determinants of health.
designSupplementary study to a cluster randomized controlled trial in 29 community colleges in California and Texas. Online surveys were administered May to October 2024. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic and linear regression were used to predict the most common barriers to UTI care and number of barriers by participant characteristics.
participantsA total of 667 individuals aged 19-29, assigned female at birth, and sexually experienced with male partners. MAIN MEASURES: Outcomes included 14 items assessing perceived barriers to UTI care, developed using the Levesque model of healthcare access as a framework, and a composite score of the total number of barriers. KEY
resultsThe average age of participants was 22.6 years; 56% identified as Hispanic and 30% reported a prior UTI. The most common perceived barriers to UTI care were concerns about hearing bad news (59%), appointment delays (46%), cost (45%), fear of parents learning about symptoms (42%), time constraints (40%), and concerns that they might have a sexually transmitted infection (37%). On average, participants reported 4.18 barriers; in multivariable regression, participants reported significantly more barriers if they were younger (β = - 0.19, SE = 0.06), Asian/Pacific Islander (β = 0.71, SE = 0.35), non-English language speakers at home (β = 0.57, SE = 0.25), food insecure (β = 1.32, SE = 0.24), uninsured (β = 0.65, SE = 0.28), or without a usual source of care (β = 0.97, SE = 0.23).
conclusionsFindings showed substantial challenges to UTI care among emerging adults, especially among socially disadvantaged participants. Youth-focused interventions, including education and expanded telehealth services, are needed to promote health equity for UTIs.
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