Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40341248›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Extraction, analysis, and antifungal activity study of algae antibiotic active substances in plateau lakes.

Jing Zhao, Ju Tang, Zhandi Wang, Shahzad Munir, Rong Jiao, Jia Li, Kaixiang Chao, Qionglian Wan, Lianchun Wang, Changbing Ye

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jing ZhaoSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-4104
Ju TangSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Zhandi WangSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Shahzad MunirState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Rong JiaoSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Jia LiSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Kaixiang ChaoSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Qionglian WanSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Lianchun WangSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.
Changbing YeSchool of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the inhibitory activity of algae in plateau lakes against plant pathogenic fungi, and further conduct preliminary research and analysis on their antifungal active ingredients, in order to provide a certain basis for the development and utilization of algal secondary metabolite as anti-plant pathogenic fungal agents. Different solvent extraction methods using water, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol were conducted to extract polyphenol metabolites from Ulothrix, Chlorella vulgaris, and Microcystis pseudofilamentosa Crow. The composition of the extracts was analyzed based on the UPLC-MS/MS detection platform, and the antifungal activity was determined. The results showed that the content of polyphenol metabolites extracted from Ulothrix using methanol was the highest, followed by ethyl acetate and ethanol. The water extraction method resulted in the highest loss of polyphenolic metabolites. Three species of Fusarium oxysporum were used as indicator fungus to determine the antifungal activities of algae extracts. The three types of algae extracts showed good antimicrobial effects on F. oxysporum. The polyphenol metabolites extracted from Ulothrix using methanol demonstrated the strongest antifungal activity, with up to 20 mm in diameter of inhibition zone. The metabolite with the weakest antifungal activity was M. pseudofilamentosa Crow, with an 8-mm diameter of inhibition zone. Based on the UPLC-MS/MS detection, 242 polyphenol metabolites were initially identified in the methanol extracts of the three algae, including 160 phenolic acids, 32 flavonoids, 17 flavonols, 7 dihydroflavones, 2 dihydroflavonols, 2 chalcones, 2 flavanols, 5 flavonoids, 5 lignans, and 10 coumarins. Principal component analysis, fold change analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were used to conduct differential metabolite screening and related metabolic pathway enrichment. The methanol extract samples of the three algae were mainly classified into two categories. Ten important differential metabolites and 15 important metabolic pathways were obtained. In addition, the methanol extracts of Ulothrix contained the largest variety of phenolic acid compounds, with a total of 75 phenolic acid compounds detected, which was followed by C. vulgaris, with 44 phenolic acid compounds detected, and M. pseudofilamentosa Crow, with 37 phenolic acid compounds. Compared with phenolic acid compounds, the quantitative differences of other polyphenols were smaller. Based on these results and those from the antifungal experimental analysis, phenolic acids in algae polyphenol metabolites are the main antifungal active ingredients.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntifungal AgentsLakesChlorella vulgarisChromatography, High Pressure LiquidFusariumMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPolyphenolsTandem Mass SpectrometryAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntifungal AgentsPolyphenols

Identifiers

PMID40341248
PMCPMC12061390

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