ArticleVirology journal2025
Phylogenomic insights into West Nile virus lineage 2 circulating in Croatia.
Article in Virology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic diversity of West Nile virus lineage 2a circulating in Culex pipiens vector populations from Bucharest city during the 2024 and 2025 transmission seasons.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- The CRISPR-Cas toolkit for mosquito-borne virus surveillance: detection, tracing, and discovery.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
West Nile Virus (WNV) has been circulating in Croatia for over a decade, as well as in numerous countries across the Mediterranean Basin and Central Europe. Using high-throughput Illumina sequencing, we successfully sequenced the WNV genome from serum and urine samples of three Croatian patients infected in 2016, 2023 and 2024. We employed an amplicon-based approach, with optimized primers designed using previously published WNV lineage 2 sequences. This work represents the first report of complete WNV genome sequences from Croatia. Sequenced genomes from 2023 to 2024 exhibited 99% sequence identity with Hungarian genomic sequences, while the genome from 2016 showed 99% identity with genomic sequences from Austria and Czech Republic. Phylogenetic analysis supported these findings, placing the genomes from 2023 to 2024 in subclade D.2.1 and the genome from 2016 in subclade E.2, thereby providing evidence for potential viral dissemination routes. The approach employed in this study performed well in whole-genome assembly of WNV and in identifying nucleotide changes specific for WNV subtypes circulating in Croatia. This study offers deeper genomic insights into the phylogenetic position of WNV in Croatia, bridging a significant knowledge gap and contributing to future studies on WNV transmission dynamics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.