ArticleBMC public health2025
The influence of socioeconomic status on the association between residential greenness and gestational diabetes mellitus in an urban setting: a multicenter study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Climate, Health, and Urban Green Infrastructure: The Evidence Base and Implications for Urban Policy and Spatial Planning.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Natural environment and gestational diabetes risk in Australia: a spatiotemporal ecological regression approach.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Efficacy of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Management and Prevention.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInconsistencies were found between residential greenness and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), possibly due to variations in susceptibility among populations with different characteristics. However, little is known about whether this association could be modified by population characteristics like socioeconomic status (SES). This multicenter study conducted in a dense megacity aims to clarify these associations and explore the modification effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors.
methodsThe study included 19,618 pregnant women in 20 hospitals throughout Shanghai, China, between 2015 and 2017. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to assess the associations of satellite-based greenness indicators [normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) within 500 m- and 1000 m buffers] with GDM and whether demographic and socioeconomic factors modified the associations. Potential mediation effects of fine particulate matter (PM
resultsDuring the first two trimesters of pregnancy, an increase in NDVI-500 m or NDVI-1000 m interquartile range was consistently associated with lower GDM risks, with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.82 (0.76, 0.88) to 0.90 (0.85, 0.96). Stratified analyses revealed that the health benefits of residential greenness are more pronounced during the first two trimesters among unemployed women (aOR = 0.70; 95%CI: 0.60, 0.82), those with lower education levels (aOR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.63, 0.82), and those without medical insurance (aOR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.69, 0.84). Mediation analysis shows that PM
conclusionsOur research indicates that elevated residential greenness was associated with reduced GDM risks, partly attributed to decreased PM
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