Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40340712›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Health service use, health outcomes and treatment costs of adults with a cochlear implant: a retrospective cohort study.

Tolesa Okuba, Reidar P Lystad, Isabelle Boisvert, Anne McMaugh, Robyn Cantle Moore, Peter Wolnizer, Cassidy Chow, Ramya Walsan, Rebecca J Mitchell

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tolesa OkubaAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia. tolesa.okuba@mq.edu.au.
Reidar P LystadAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Isabelle BoisvertSydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Anne McMaughMacquarie School of Education, Faculty of Arts, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Robyn Cantle MooreNextSense Institute, Sydney, Australia.
Peter WolnizerFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Cassidy ChowDepartment of Linguistics, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Ramya WalsanAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Rebecca J MitchellAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundData about the ongoing health service use, health outcomes and healthcare treatment costs of adult cochlear implant users are limited. This study examined health service use, health outcomes and treatment costs of adults who had a cochlear implant.

methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of adults aged ≥ 18 years who received a cochlear implant during 2011-2021. Linked hospitalisation, non-admitted patient (NAP) services and mortality data in New South Wales (NSW), Australia were used. Health service use, health outcomes and treatment costs were compared for younger (18-64 years) and older (≥ 65 years) adults. A negative binomial regression model was used to examine factors associated with hospitalisation and health outcomes.

resultsThere were 3071 adults who had a cochlear implant; 47.6% aged 18-64 years and 52.4% aged ≥ 65 years. Older adults had a higher proportion of all-cause hospital admissions (34.1% vs. 18.4%, respectively), readmission within 28 days (7.8% vs. 4.7%, respectively), ≥ 13 NAP service contacts (33.9% vs. 24.9%, respectively) and mean treatment costs (AUD$44,101 vs. AUD$41,663, respectively) than younger adults. Charlson comorbidities and mental health disorders were key predictors of both hospitalisations and NAP service contacts for younger adults. Postoperative mechanical complications and prior hospital admissions were predictors of hospitalisation and NAP service contacts, respectively for younger adults. Having ≥13 NAP service contacts and a cochlear implant removed were predictors of hospitalisation and NAP service contacts, respectively for older adults. Having a longer hospital length of stay (LOS) was associated with cochlear implant removal, treatment cost, and other health conditions for both younger and older adults.

conclusionsAdults with multimorbidity used more hospital-based services or incurred large treatment costs. Early detection and treatment of comorbidities and long-term post-cochlear implant follow-up to identify any potential complications may reduce unplanned hospitalisations, adverse health outcomes, and associated hospital utilisation costs.

Indexed as

Cochlear ImplantsHealth Care CostsHealth ServicesOutcome Assessment, Health CareAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew South WalesRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultAdultsCochlear implantHealth outcomesHealth service useTreatment cost

Identifiers

PMID40340712
PMCPMC12060529

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.