ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Heart rate variability in children and adolescents with incidentally found early repolarization pattern.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEarly repolarization pattern (ERP) on electrocardiogram (ECG) was long considered benign, but recent data suggest a potential association with fatal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Its relevance in pediatric populations remains unclear. This study investigated the risk of premature death and arrhythmia in children with incidentally found early repolarization using ECG and heart rate variability parameters.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included healthy children aged 6-18 years with incidentally detected ERP (study group) and age- and sex-matched controls without ERP. All participants underwent medical history evaluation, physical examination, 12-lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography, and 24-h Holter monitoring. ECG parameters (P wave, QTc, JT, Tp-e, and their dispersions), time-domain (SDNN, SDANN, SDNN-i, r-MSSD, pNN50), and frequency-domain (HF, LF, LF/HF) HRV parameters were analyzed.-i, r-MSSD, pNN50 and "Frequency-domain" parameters HF, LF, LF/HF were obtained.
resultsThe study group had lower heart rates (p = 0.020) and increased JT dispersion (p = 0.025). Interventricular septal thickness was significantly greater in the ERP group (p = 0.030). LF/HF ratio (p = 0.045), awake HF (p = 0.046), and awake LF/HF (p = 0.036) were significantly higher in ERP patients. Parasympathetic activity predominance was more evident in males. ERP localized in inferolateral leads was associated with higher heart rate and lower SDNN and VLF during sleep (p = 0.049, p = 0.040, p = 0.040, respectively).
conclusionIncidental ERP in children was not associated with arrhythmic events but correlated with increased parasympathetic tone. Inferolateral ERP may indicate a relatively higher autonomic imbalance risk.
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