Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40338675›Full record

ArticleMedical education online2025

Validating nonverbal cues for assessing physician empathy in telemedicine: a Delphi study.

Annisa Ristya Rahmanti, Hsuan-Chia Yang, Chih-Wei Huang, Ching-Tzu Huang, Lutfan Lazuardi, Che-Wei Lin, Yu-Chuan Jack Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Medical education online, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Annisa Ristya RahmantiDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-9478-6267
Hsuan-Chia YangInternational Center for Health Information and Technology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9198-0697
Chih-Wei HuangInternational Center for Health Information and Technology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-2551-6199
Ching-Tzu HuangInternational Center for Health Information and Technology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Lutfan LazuardiDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-5146-8162
Che-Wei LinCenter for Education in Medical Simulation, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-9650-5251
Yu-Chuan Jack LiInternational Center for Health Information and Technology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-6497-4232

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonverbal communication is essential in physician-patient interaction, especially in telemedicine where verbal cues may be limited. This study aimed to identify and validate key nonverbal cues for assessing physician empathy in telemedicine consultations through a Delphi method. A three-round Delphi study was conducted from June to November 2022, involving various experts, including academics, healthcare professionals, AI/telemedicine researchers, industry professionals, and patients. Experts evaluated the importance, validity, and reliability of potential nonverbal cues. Consensus was determined based on median responses and expert scoring percentages, with statistical agreement and stability assessed using Kendall's coefficient of concordance (Kendall's W) and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 23.0 with significance set at

Indexed as

CuesEmpathyNonverbal CommunicationPhysician-Patient RelationsPhysiciansTelemedicineAdultDelphi TechniqueFacial ExpressionFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsDelphi studydoctor–patient interactionempathyNonverbal communicationtelemedicine

Identifiers

PMID40338675
PMCPMC12064121

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.