ArticleMolecular neurobiology2025
A novel Dual GLP-1/CCK Receptor Agonist Improves Cognitive Performance and Synaptogenesis in the 5 × FAD Alzheimer Mouse Model.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Future GLP-1 receptor co-agonists and their cardiac effects.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- A Lineup for Next Anti-Obesity Medicines: Beyond Incretin-Based Pharmacotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent advances in incretin-based therapy for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated to the type 2 diabetes mellitus: preclinical and clinical studies - a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a peptide hormone and growth factor. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is another peptide hormone, growth factor and neurotransmitter. Both peptide hormones have shown good neuroprotective effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we tested the effects of a dual GLP-1/CCK (25 nmol/kg ip. for 14 days) receptor agonist that had previously shown good effects in animal models of diabetes. The GLP-1 analogue Liraglutide (50 nmol/kg ip.) was used as a positive control. Memory was improved in the water maze and the Y-maze, spontaneous activity was increased, the chronic inflammation response had been reduced and levels of NLRP3, IL-10 and TNFα were brought back to physiological levels. Levels of amyloid aggregates in the brain were reduced by the drugs. The expression of proteins SIRPα and CD47 which is related to reduced inflammation levels was reduced. Importantly, growth factor signalling was much improved and growth levels of BDNF, TrkB receptor, p-CREB, and an upregulation of the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway had been observed. Post-synaptic density protein (PSD) and synaptophysin levels were reduced, too. In transmission electron microscope analysis, the synaptic cleft was found to be wider in 5xFAD mice. In Golgi stain evaluations, synapse numbers were brought back to normal levels by the drugs. In a direct comparison with Liraglutide, the dual GLP-1/CCK receptor agonist was superior in the water maze tests and in the upregulation of BDNF and TrkB levels in the brain. In other parameters, the dual agonist and Liraglutide showed comparable effects. In conclusion, the combination of GLP-1 and CCK receptor activation did not show overall improvements over single GLP-1 receptor activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.