Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40338240›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Cross-Sectional Study of Visible Minority Canadian Communities.

Candy Ochieng, Pammla Petrucka, George Mutwiri, Michael Szafron

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Candy OchiengSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B5, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9517-078X
Pammla PetruckaSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B5, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3174-3328
George MutwiriSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B5, Canada.
Michael SzafronSchool of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B5, Canada.

Funding

University of Saskatchewan, OPVPA 345526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines vaccine hesitancy as reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite availability. Contributing factors in visible minority populations include vaccine safety, effectiveness, mistrust, socioeconomic characteristics, vaccine development, information circulation, knowledge, perceived risk of COVID-19, and perceived benefit.

Indexed as

COVID-19preventive measurespublic health communicationvaccination coveragevaccine acceptance/refusalvaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID40338240
PMCPMC11946865

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.